Acharya A1, Nepal HP2,
Gautam R3 and Shrestha S4
1Associate
Professor, 2,3,4Lecturer, Department of Microbiology,
Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital,
Bharatpur, Nepal.
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Enteric fever is
one of the common clinical conditions in patients presenting to the hospitals. The study was carried out to assess the rate of
isolation of common serotypes of enteric fever pathogens and their
antimicrobial susceptibility pattern which is of utmost importance to institute
effective therapy.
Methods:
A prospective study
was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College
Teaching Hospital from 15th
June 2009 to 14th June 2010. A total of 4355 blood
culture samples from both admitted patients and outpatients of the hospitals were
processed by standard microbiological technique to identify the causative
agents and their susceptibility pattern to commonly used antimicrobial agents
in compliance with CLSI guidelines.
Results:
Isolation rate of
Salmonella species was 0.96%. Among a total
of 42 Salmonella isolates, 24 (57.1%) isolates were Salmonella Paratyphi A and 18 (42.9%) were Salmonella
Typhi. Male preponderances were seen in infections caused by both the organisms.
On performing antimicrobial susceptibility by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method,
Salmonella Paratyphi A demonstrated 100% susceptibility to Amikacin,
Chloramphenicol and Ofloxacin. Similarly, Salmonella Typhi was highly
susceptible to Ceftriaxone (94.1%) followed by Ofloxacin (90.9%) and Cephotaxime (90%)
and both were least susceptible to Ampicillin (S.Paratyphi A 21.7% and S.Typhi 29.4%).
Multidrug resistance was found to be 16.66% among the Salmonella Typhi isolates.
Conclusion:
Isolation of
Salmonella species is relatively low in
Bharatpur. Salmonella Paratyphi A is the
most common agent of enteric fever. Moreover, these pathogens have developed resistance to all commonly used
antimicrobials.
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